Pentagon Seeks to Mitigate Quantum Computing Risks to the F-35

The Pentagon is taking steps toshield the F-35’s encryption systems from the growing threat posed by quantum computing. A contract notice published May 6, 2026, by the F-35 Joint Program Office signals the shift to quantum computing-proof encryption. The military is moving to future-proof one of the jet’s core security systems before quantum computing advances enough to break current encryption.

Known as the In-Line File Encryption Device, the component at the center of this work is a specialized security chip embedded in the aircraft. Its job is to check that every piece of software on the jet is genuine and unmodified. Upgrading it means replacing the mathematical core of its encryption with something engineered to withstand quantum-powered attacks.

Rather than requiring hardware to be shipped back for disassembly, the update must work through standard remote software procedures. The F-35 flies in more than a dozen countries across three U.S. military branches, and requiring hardware returns for every aircraft would be unworkable. Ideally, security updates go out the same way any routine software change does, without grounding aircraft or touching hardware.

Lockheed Martin Aeronautics is the only contractor the Pentagon considers capable of doing the work. The rationale is pretty straightforward: Lockheed built the F-35 and integrated all of its systems, so it is in a perfect position to handle the task. Its software runs to millions of lines of code, with every subsystem from flight controls to weapons tightly interlinked. To modify any part of that system would require intricate knowledge that no company except for Lockheed has.

Most encryption in use today was built around mathematical problems that would take a classical computer longer than the age of the universe to crack. A sufficiently powerful quantum machine, however, can work through those same problems in a fraction of the time. That creates a real risk: data intercepted today and stockpiled by an adversary could be decoded years from now once the technology matures.

For the F-35, this matters beyond data security, since the upgraded device is what verifies every piece of code on the jet is genuine. If it were compromised, an attacker could potentially push unauthorized software onto the aircraft, which is a more serious problem than simple data theft. Corrupted code could affect the aircraft’s behavior in ways that are far harder to detect or reverse. That is why this upgrade is being treated as a priority rather than a routine patch.

The National Institute of Standards and Technology has spent several years developing encryption standards built toresist quantum attacks. Now the government is pushing those standards into operational military hardware. The F-35 notice is one of the clearest signs yet that the timeline for that transition has moved from planning to execution.

As entities like D-Wave Quantum Inc. (NYSE: QBTS) move toward bringing quantum computing to mainstream accessibility, we are likely to see a lot more sectors scrambling to update their cybersecurity systems in order to reduce the likelihood of being compromised by hackers equipped with quantum computers.

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